In Rhône-Alpes, the industry, which represents 30 of payroll global (1) in total employees 427.000 (2) distributed between 35,000 facilities, is at the centre of all concerns. The French 1erégion of subcontracting has seen decline of 10.9 manufacturing employment between 2000 and 2006, close to 11.4 of the national fall. But the impact is more severe because of the weight of the industry. The most affected industries are the most traditional: clothing and leather (-36,7 over six years), textile (-32,3), equipment for the home (-20,5) and metallurgy (-15,3). The last crisis has already been lost more than 20,000 additional jobs in one year. 8.5 Unemployment rate remains below 0.6 of a point the average hexagonal and class the France 2erégion in 9eposition.
Beyond the statistics, Gérard Clément, Coordinator of the Trade Union FO in Rhône-Alpes, and member of the economic and social Council, observed that "the departments of Ain and Savoy from unemployment a few years still - talked of the miracle of the machining of metals in the Valley of the Arve - suffered a sharp rise in job losses." In question, the automobile and the great depression that faces the industry heavy weight and semi-trailers, very present in this region, stronghold of Renault Trucks. Refusing the fatality and betting on the diversity of industrial activities as well as the historic expertise, the regional synthesis of the States General of the industry calls a series of remedies: generalization of "clusters" between donors and SMEs, establishment of "bearers of innovation" for all enterprises in their projects in this area.
Transfer to work
Public authorities and communities began to mobilize at the end of the 1970s on these issues. The Regional Council which created 14 clusters of thematic research since 2004 supports 13 economic clusters corresponding to key sectors. Complement or these devices fit in the 15 poles of competitiveness of Rhône-Alpes. LyonBioPôle strike force (infectious disease) including convinced the American Genzyme biotech investing over $ 100 million in a new industrial site in Lyon. Minalogic in Grenoble, dedicated to the microtechnologies and nanotechnologies and on-board software, claims more than 120 collaborative projects labelled for a total amount of EUR 1.3 billion, public funders and private alike.
In this regard, the DGCIS (General Directorate of competitiveness, industry and services) is that 20 to 25 of the national R & D projects over the period 2005-2009 come from Rhône-Alpes. And the demographic dynamism of the Habs 2erégion for its GDP per capita (30.601 euros) is not lunatic: its population grew by 9.3 in ten years to achieve 6,172 million inhabitants at the last census of 2009. Projections anticipate 17-19 Rhônalpins million on the horizon of 2030. What is assumed to face real challenges in mobility, in particular.
The challenge:
TER offers changed: EUR 600 million has been invested in six years in the renewal of the equipment and the establishment of the timing has increased by more than 50 the daily number of passengers. To deal with a doubling of attendance expected by 10 to 15 years, the next challenge is to control of operating costs. The TER French return twice more expensive that Germany is Yves Crozet, Lyon University and President of the Observatory energy environment transportation (OEET), which calls for the opening to the competition as the provides the Grenelle II.
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